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^ Not sure why they are discounting batteries and fuel cells. A container ship has huge economies of scale when it comes to fuel storage at other than ambient temperature. You can't put a half meter of insulation around a fuel tank or battery pack in a car and it would be difficult to do that in a locomotive, but there is plenty of space in a ship. That opens up the possibility of a liquid hydrogen tank with minimal boil off losses, or a bank of energy-dense sodium-sulfur batteries that need to be kept at 300°C.
 
GCC:
LanzaTech moving forward on scale-up of sustainable aviation fuels in US and Japan
https://www.greencarcongress.com/2019/11/201091121-lanzatech.html



LanzaTech continues to make strides in scaling up its alcohol-to-jet (ATJ) platform. Commercialization of the ATJ process has been years in the making, starting with the partnership between LanzaTech and the US Energy Department’s Pacific Northwest National Laboratory. PNNL developed a unique catalytic process to upgrade ethanol to alcohol-to-jet synthetic paraffinic kerosene (ATJ-SPK) which LanzaTech took from the lab to pilot scale.

After initial scale-up, qualification by ASTM and the first commercial flight with Virgin Atlantic, sustainable aviation fuel (SAF) made from captured pollution is ready for full-scale demonstration and commercialization.

The US Department of Energy (DOE) is in the negotiation stage with LanzaTech for a $14 million investment in a demonstration-scale integrated biorefinery at LanzaTech’s Freedom Pines site in Soperton, Georgia, according to Michael Berube, Acting Deputy Assistant Secretary for Transportation in the Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy of the DOE. . . .

LanzaTech’s process can use any source of sustainable ethanol for jet fuel production, including ethanol made from recycled pollution. LanzaTech’s first commercial plant in China has produced more than 10 million gallons of ethanol from recycled steel mill emissions to date.

The flexibility of the technology to utilize a variety of local waste feedstocks attracted the attention of All Nippon Airways (ANA), Japan’s largest 5-Star airline for seven consecutive years, resulting in an offtake agreement with LanzaTech signed earlier this year, allowing ANA to purchase sustainable aviation fuel from LanzaTech’s process.

Following on from this agreement, ANA, strategic investor in LanzaTech, Mitsui & Co., and JXTG Energy have been selected by the New Energy and Industrial Technology Development Organization (NEDO) to conduct a feasibility study on scaling the LanzaTech ATJ (alcohol-to-jet) platform in Japan. Together the partners will establish a sustainable domestic supply chain for ATJ, key to achieving full commercial deployment in Japan.

ANA and Mitsui & Co. kicked off the project by conducting a Boeing 777-300ER ferry flight using sustainable aviation fuel made from recycled carbon on 30 October 2019. As the fuel producer, LanzaTech worked closely with all partners, advising how best to transport and blend the fuel for loading on the aircraft. . . .
 
GCC:
Gevo enters into a fuel sales agreement with SAS for sustainable aviation fuel
https://www.greencarcongress.com/2019/11/20191123-gevo.html



Gevo, Inc. signed a Fuel Sales Agreement with Scandinavian Airline System SAS) to produce and supply sustainable aviation fuel (SAF) for use and distribution in low-carbon fuel regions of the United States.

With the finalization of this new supply contract, Gevo will supply SAF to SAS from Gevo’s expanded Luverne, Minnesota plant, which is expected to be constructed over the next several years.

For every gallon of SAF produced, Gevo also produces approximately 10 pounds of protein that goes into the food supply chain and can sequester up to 2 pounds of carbon dioxide as carbon into the soil, making it one of the only renewable jet fuel producers to produce both food and fuel while sequestering carbon dioxide and lowering the GHG emissions as compared to traditional fossil-based jet fuel. . . .

Gevo uses low-carbon renewable resource-based carbohydrates as raw materials and is developing renewable electricity and renewable natural gas for the energy of production processes resulting in low-carbon fuels with reduced carbon intensity (the level of greenhouse gas emissions compared to standard petroleum) fossil-based fuels across their lifecycle. Gevo’s products deliver the technical performance expected of traditional fossil-based fuels in infrastructure and engines, but significantly reduce greenhouse gas emissions.

In addition to addressing the problems of fuels, Gevo’s technology also enables certain plastics, such as polyester, to be made with more sustainable ingredients. Gevo’s ability to penetrate the growing low-carbon fuels market depends on the price of oil and the value of abating carbon emissions, which would otherwise increase greenhouse gas emissions. . . .
 
GCC:
Bombardier using Gevo’s sustainable aviation fuel for new aircraft deliveries in Canada
https://www.greencarcongress.com/2019/12/20191208-gevosaf.html


Avfuel is providing Bombardier with an inaugural shipment of sustainable aviation fuel (SAF) for new customer aircraft deliveries in Canada. Avfuel sources SAF from Gevo and blends it with petroleum-based jet fuel. This mixture is then tested for fuel quality and to ensure it meets ASTM D1655 standards.

The product has a net benefit to the environment across its lifecycle. Created from cornstarch, for every one million gallons of the concentrated SAF that is produced, approximately 10 million pounds of animal feed and protein is sold into the food chain, and the final jet fuel product burns cleaner, reducing carbon emissions released into the atmosphere.

In total, Avfuel supplied 7,300 gallons (27,600 liters) of SAF to Bombardier to fuel its new customer aircraft deliveries. In total, the sustainable product provided a two metric ton reduction in life cycle CO2 emissions.

Supply of SAF continues to be the most challenging hurdle to bringing the product to market on a commercial scale. As such, Avfuel hopes raising awareness through initiatives such as this will help inspire commitments by operators to use the product. By creating the demand, Avfuel’s aim is to encourage further production for greater sustainable representation in the fuel supply chain. . . .
 
GCC:
HollyFrontier to build $350M renewable diesel unit at Artesia refinery; 125M gallons/year
https://www.greencarcongress.com/2019/12/20191209-hollyf.html


HollyFrontier Corporation, an independent petroleum refiner and marketer that produces high value light products such as gasoline, diesel fuel, jet fuel and other specialty products, plans to construct a new renewable diesel unit (RDU) at its Artesia, New Mexico refinery (Navajo Refinery).

The RDU will have a production capacity of approximately 125 million gallons a year (9,000 BPD) and allow HollyFrontier to process soybean oil and other renewable feedstocks into renewable diesel. The company expects renewable diesel production to generate >600,000 LCFS credits in year 1.

HollyFrontier said the investment will provide the opportunity to meet the demand for low-carbon fuels while covering the cost of its annual RIN purchase obligation under current market conditions.

The RDU, along with corresponding rail infrastructure and storage tanks, is estimated to have a total capital cost of $350 million, and is expected to be completed in the first quarter of 2022.

The RDU will be funded with cash on hand and is expected to generate an internal rate of return between 20% and 30%. . . .
 
GCC:
Trillium opening two California CNG stations fed by renewable natural gas in 2020
https://www.greencarcongress.com/2019/12/20191224-trillium.html


. . . The alternative and renewable fuel provider designed and built CNG stations at two Love’s Travel Stops located in Lost Hills and Tehachapi, California. The stations will offer renewable natural gas (RNG) fueling capabilities to fleet customers.

Produced entirely from organic waste streams, RNG is a low-carbon fuel and interchangeable with pipeline-quality natural gas that reduces greenhouse gas emissions 40-125% (depending on the feedstock) when compared to diesel.

The California Air Resources Board (ARB) recently provisionally certified a Trillium RNG LCFS fuel pathway with a carbon intensity of 49.24 gCO2e/MJ. That particular pathway involves the generation of Landfill Gas at the Meadow Branch Landfill; upgrading the LFG to pipeline-quality biomethane in Athens, Tennesse; and the delivery of the RNG via pipeline to California where it is dispensed as CNG fuel.

The new CNG stations will feature two fast-fill dispensers and will be heavy-duty vehicle accessible. Slated to open in the first quarter of 2020, these two new stations will add to the network of more than 30 private and public Trillium locations located in California.

Gemini Motor Transport, the primary fuel carrier for Love’s Travel Stops, will be fueling its growing CNG fleet of tractor trailers, which use the new Cummins Westport Low NOx 12-liter natural gas engine, with RNG from the two new locations, as well as an existing station in Tulare.

The 24/7 stations will be located at 21948 Highway 46 in Lost Hills and 2000 East Tehachapi Blvd. in Tehachapi, the first Trillium stations in Kern County, a vital transit corridor for California.
 
GCC:
Three CA LCFS pathway applications for swine manure to Bio-CNG, Bio-LNG, and Bio-L-CNG; negative triple-digit CIs
https://www.greencarcongress.com/2019/12/20191229-lcfs.html



Element Markets Renewable Energy (EMRE) has filed applications for certification of three California LCFS (Low Carbon Fuel Standard) Tier 2 pathways for biomethane (Bio-CNG, Bio-LNG, and Bio-L-CNG) from anaerobic digestion of swine manure produced by Valley View Farms located in Greencastle, Missouri. The calculated carbon intensities are -345.68, -334.41, and -330.87 gCO2e/MJ, respectively.

Smithfield owns and operates the swine farm. Roeslein Alternative Energy, LLC and Smithfield, through Roeslein Alternative Energy of Missouri, LLC, jointly own and operate the biogas collection and processing equipment at the site and own the resulting biomethane.

EMRE purchases and markets the pipeline-injected biomethane and imports it to California for dispensing as CNG or LNG transportation fuel.

Valley View Farms has an average swine population in the range of 40,000 to 50,000. The swine manure is digested in covered lagoons and the biogas control system captures methane that would otherwise be emitted to the atmosphere under baseline manure treatment in anaerobic lagoons.

Biogas is supplied to the gas upgrading facility. Prior to building covered lagoons there were 14 uncovered lagoons (baseline) and all were converted to covered lagoons. However, only six of the covered lagoons are connected to the upgrading facility; all six are included in the analysis. . . .

Pipeline-injected RNG is delivered to CNG stations in the Los Angeles area, or to Applied Natural Gas Fuels, Inc. LNG facility in Topock, Arizona and transported to CNG/LNG stations in California by truck.


Also GCC:
Greenlane secures new US$6.3M biogas upgrading contract for landfill gas to RNG project in California
https://www.greencarcongress.com/2019/12/20191229-greenlane.html


Engineering work will begin immediately on the California-based landfill project. Order fulfilment will begin immediately upon completion of permitting and approval of submittals by the customer, expected by early- to mid-2020, with delivery expected to occur within approximately six months of commencement.

The facility is expected to process 1,600 standard cubic feet per minute of landfill gas to produce ~97% pure biomethane, or approximately 380,000 gigajoules (GJ) (or 360,000 million British Thermal Units (MMBTU)) annually, of clean Renewable Natural Gas RNG) for direct injection into the local gas distribution network owned and operated by SoCalGas, the largest natural gas utility in the United States.

In addition, the residual off-gas, a byproduct of the biogas upgrading process, will be blended with natural gas to generate power for on-site facilities and processes. . . .
 
Both GCC:
Shell Aviation, World Energy collaborate to increase supply of sustainable aviation fuel; SAF to Lufthansa at SFO
https://www.greencarcongress.com/2020/01/20200110-saf.html

. . . The supply will reduce Lufthansa’s carbon emissions on intercontinental flights on three routes operated by Deutsche Lufthansa and Swiss International Air Lines from SFO to Frankfurt, Munich and Zurich.

The deal represents one of the most significant SAF supply contracts globally, with up to one million gallons of SAF to be supplied to Lufthansa over the duration. It is the largest contracted SAF volume to be delivered to SFO since the airport announced its ambition to expand the use of SAF in its operations last year.

The SAF is produced by World Energy at its refinery in Paramount, California, from a feedstock of agricultural waste fats and oils. This CARB-certified Low Carbon Fuel and RSB-certified fuel meets strict sustainability standards and is blended with conventional jet fuel at a ratio of up to 30%, resulting in a fuel that has significantly lower lifecycle carbon emissions. . . .



JetBlue to go carbon neutral on all domestic flights by offsetting emissions starting in 2020; flying with SAF from SFO
https://www.greencarcongress.com/2020/01/20200107-jetblue.html
 
Is there a bio substitute for air craft and runway deicing.
A typical air port sprays thousands of gallons of petroleum chemical industry derived propylene glycol every winter.
 
Using it has almost 0 environmental impact, bacteria love to eat ethylene and propylene glycol once it gets into the environment.
It's the drilling, fracking, petrochemicaling that makes it.
Then corn. Corn is completely dependent upon the petrochemical industry. Ammonia fertilizer, pesticides, diesel fuel to power the machinery that plants, electricity it waters it, more diesel powered machines spray it, harvests it, transports it.
 
Oilpan4 said:
Using it has almost 0 environmental impact, bacteria love to eat ethylene and propylene glycol once it gets into the environment.
It's the drilling, fracking, petrochemicaling that makes it.
Then corn. Corn is completely dependent upon the petrochemical industry. Ammonia fertilizer, pesticides, diesel fuel to power the machinery that plants, electricity it waters it, more diesel powered machines spray it, harvests it, transports it.


Which is of course why sustainable agricultural practices are necessary for any bio-fuel to be sustainable. It's true that replacing fossil fuels for fertilizer and pesticide production (along with cement and iron) will be difficult and very expensive, so we need to put a lot more effort into it than we are currently, but diesel fuel is something that can be replaced now.
 
GCC:
UPS enters into RNG supply agreements with Kinetrex and TruStar; up to 80M gallon equivalents
https://www.greencarcongress.com/2020/02/20200205-ups.html



UPS has entered into multi-year renewable natural gas (RNG) agreements with Kinetrex Energy and TruStar Energy. Together, these two contracts will supply UPS with up to 80 million gallon equivalents (GEs) of RNG over the terms of the agreements.


  • The use of RNG is a very important part of UPS’ strategy to increase alternative fuel consumption to be 40% of total ground fuel purchases by 2025. We are using both liquid natural gas (LNG) and compressed natural gas (CNG) as bridging fuels to increase our use of RNG. This will have a measurable impact as RNG yields up to a 90% reduction in lifecycle greenhouse gas emissions when compared to conventional diesel. Using RNG is what will ultimately help UPS meet its 2025 sustainability goals.

    —Mike Whitlatch, vice president of global energy and procurement, UPS
The Kinetrex Energy contract will supply UPS with up to 52.5 million GEs of RNG over the life of the contract to be used in its tractor-trailer vehicles throughout the Midwest. The RNG will be used to fuel UPS’s LNG-powered trucks in Chicago, Columbus, Indianapolis, St. Louis and Toledo.

Kinetrex will obtain the RNG from its Indy High BTU plant, a landfill facility on the south side of Indianapolis developed with EDL Energy and the South Side Landfill. The plant is currently under construction. When completed in March 2020, it will convert landfill methane to pipeline-quality natural gas.

The agreement also allows Kinetrex to supply UPS an additional 50 million gallons over the same period as Kinetrex develops additional RNG plants.

The TruStar Energy contract will supply UPS with up to 27.5 million GEs of RNG over the life of the contract to be used in California. The RNG will be used to fuel UPS’ CNG-powered trucks in both Visalia and Moreno Valley, Calif.

These two new agreements build on a prior RNG contract in which UPS agreed to purchase 170 million gallons of RNG, its biggest commitment to date. Over the next seven years, UPS has agreed to purchase 250 million gallon equivalents of RNG total, making the company the largest consumer of RNG in the transportation industry.

Additionally, UPS recently announced plans to purchase more than 6,000 natural gas-powered trucks through 2022. . . .
 
Both GCC:
Gevo secures funding from Queensland Waste to Biofutures (W2B) Fund
https://www.greencarcongress.com/2020/03/20200301-gevo.html


. . . The W2B fund provides targeted funding for pilot, demonstration or commercially scalable biorefinery projects in Queensland that use conventional waste streams or biomass to produce bioenergy, biofuels and high-value bioproducts. . . .

Gevo supplied the renewable fuel used in Virgin Australia’s trial of sustainable aviation fuel at Brisbane Airport which was completed in June last year.

For this project, Gevo is evaluating the most likely 2G biomass to carbohydrate conversion process to use in conjunction with its proven carbohydrate to low carbon biofuel process.

Presently, at Gevo’s facility in Luverne, Minnesota, Gevo fractionates grain from sustainably produced crops to produce protein and animal feed while using the residual carbohydrate portion of the grain for fermentation to produce the intermediate chemical isobutanol.

The isobutanol is then chemically transformed using a hydrocarbon processing facility into renewable gasoline, diesel and SAF meeting ASTM D7566 (Standard Specification for Aviation Turbine Fuel Containing Synthesized Hydrocarbons). The SAF made by this process has very low sulfur, low particulates, and slightly higher energy density than petroleum-based jet fuel.

For every gallon of renewable hydrocarbons produced, like SAF, Gevo also produces approximately 10 pounds of protein that goes into the food supply chain and can sequester up to 2 pounds of carbon dioxide as carbon into the soil making it one of the only renewable jet fuels to produce both food and fuel while sequestering carbon dioxide and lowering the GHG emissions as compared to traditional fossil-based jet fuel.



US SecAg directs USDA fleet to increase biofuels usage; $100M for biofuels infrastructure program
https://www.greencarcongress.com/2020/02/20200229-usda.html


US Secretary of Agriculture Sonny Perdue has directed the US Department of Agriculture (USDA) to acquire alternative fueled vehicles (AFV) when replacing conventionally fueled vehicles. USDA owns and operates one of the largest civilian fleets in the Federal Government and this move to a fleet that can use E85 or biodiesel will increase efficiencies and performance.

Additionally, as part of the President’s October agreement to seek opportunities to facilitate the availability of higher biofuel blends across the country, USDA will make $100 million in grants available this year for the newly created Higher Blends Infrastructure Incentive Program (HBIIP).

Through this program, transportation fueling and biodiesel distribution facilities will be able to apply for grants to help install, retrofit, and/or upgrade fuel storage, dispenser pumps, related equipment and infrastructure to be able to sell ethanol and biodiesel. The Department plans to publish application deadlines and other program information in the Federal Register this spring. . . .

USDA currently has 37,000 vehicles and replaces approximately 3,000 every year. Secretary Perdue directed USDA to:

  • Acquire E85 or biodiesel-capable vehicles that meet USDA mission requirements;

    Use station locator websites and applications to fuel with E15, E85, and biodiesel where available;

    Prioritize the purchase of E15 for gasoline vehicles without E85 capability and the purchase of renewable diesel blends for diesel vehicles without B20 capability; and

    For USDA locations that have in-house refueling pumps, coordinate with fuel vendors to acquire and provide biofuel blends, including E15, E85, B20 and higher biodiesel blends, and renewable diesel blends.

These actions have the potential to increase USDA’s annual consumption of E15 by up to 9 million gallons, E85 by 10 million gallons, and biodiesel and renewable diesel blends by up to 3 million gallons.

As availability of E15, E85, and biodiesel expands through the nation, USDA has the opportunity to reach these goals and have a significant impact. Where biofuels are available, the USDA fleet is directed to use biofuels. . . .
 
Oilpan4 said:
Is there a bio substitute for air craft and runway deicing.
A typical air port sprays thousands of gallons of petroleum chemical industry derived propylene glycol every winter.

According to Wikipedia, "Propylene glycol can also be obtained from glycerol, a byproduct from the production of biodiesel." Killing 2 birds with 1 stone?
 
The byproducts left over from bio diesel are reused for "industrial cleaners" last time I checked.
 
GCC:
Neste opens four new renewable diesel filling stations in California


https://www.greencarcongress.com/2020/07/20200724-neste.html


Neste, the world’s leading producer of renewable diesel, has opened four new fueling stations in northern and central California, providing greater accessibility to 100% renewable diesel.

The fueling stations are open 24/7 and provide a seamless and quick customer experience. They are located near major commercial freight routes and are designed to accommodate commercial fleet vehicles of all sizes. The new cardlock locations are operated by Jeffries Brothers Petroleum and are located at:

Wasco, Calif. – 750 U.S. Highway 46
Wasco, Calif. – 2098 U.S. Highway 46
Buttonwillow, Calif. – 35750 U.S. Highway 58
Shafter, Calif. – 102 South Beech Ave. . . .

Each location is regularly supplied with Neste MY Renewable Diesel, a low-carbon fuel produced from 100% renewable and sustainable raw materials that cuts greenhouse gas emissions by up to 80% compared to petroleum diesel. The four new fueling stations join existing Neste-branded fuel stations in San Leandro, San Jose, Keyes and Ripon. . . .
 
GCC:
Neste supplying sustainable aviation fuel to three major US airlines for flights from SFO


https://www.greencarcongress.com/2020/08/20200814-neste.html


Neste . . . is supplying Alaska Airlines, American Airlines and JetBlue Airways with sustainable aviation fuel for flights from San Francisco International Airport (SFO). . . .

Neste is now successfully delivering sustainable aviation fuel to SFO via pipeline, a milestone the airport has called a “climate quantum leap”. Once Neste’s SAF enters SFO’s fuel consortium storage, it is available to the commercial, cargo or business aviation entities that operate at the airport. . . .

All three airlines took their first deliveries of Neste’s SAF at SFO within the last few weeks. . . .

Neste’s sustainable aviation fuel annual capacity is currently 100,000 tons (34 million gallons). With the Singapore refinery expansion on the way, and with possible additional investment into the Rotterdam refinery, Neste will have the capacity to produce some 1.5 million tonnes (515 million gallons) of SAF annually by 2023.

Prior to use, Neste’s SAF is blended with fossil jet fuel and is then verified to meet ASTM jet fuel specifications. In addition to helping customers reduce their own greenhouse gas emissions, Neste has committed to making its production operations carbon neutral by 2035.
 
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