The short answer is that you'll probably need an EU specific EVSE and Mennekes style cable. I don't think your US EVSE would be much good to you, even if it's already been modified for 240V.
Edit: Actually, for public charging maybe you just need a J1772 to Mennekes cable, assuming the public EVSE handles the pilot signal stuff. Hard to say since I've never tried to charge there, and I'm not finding much solid information on the web. There is also some public CHAdeMO charging, if you're LEAF is suitably equipped.
Edit 2: UK page, but the same should apply to the Netherlands. I think chances are you're going to find more bollard units with Mennekes plugs than you are full EVSEs with J1772 connectors built in:
http://pim.cenex.co.uk/plugged-in-midlands/charging-point-equipment" onclick="window.open(this.href);return false;