AndyH
Well-known member
This not quite up to date, Guy. Commercial scale production is running in the US, though it's plenty young:GRA said:Re the current state of commercial production of advanced biofuels in the U.S.:
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So it seems that we still don't have any commercial-scale cellulosic refineries in the U.S. but Brazil hopes to have one next year, and (as always) lab scale developments look promising.
http://www.bloomberg.com/news/2013-...cial-scale-cellulosic-ethanol-in-florida.html
There's also commercial scale cellulosic production in Italy and Denmark.
Italy: 20 million gallons per year
http://www.betarenewables.com/Crescentino.html
The world’s first commercial-scale cellulosic ethanol plant, in Crescentino Italy, started operations in Q4, 2012. Our PROESA® process allows it to deliver superior economics in converting non-food biomass to sugars for the production of bio-ethanol or bio-chemicals.
Denmark:
http://www.eia.gov/biofuels/workshop/pdf/paul_kamp.pdf
Inbicon's system in Denmark processes farm residue, energy crops, and bagasse and produces fuel ethanol, as well as biogas and lignin pellets that replace coal in power generation and provide process power, process steam, and excess electricity to the power grid.
There are a number of other refineries under construction in the US to use municipal solid waste, energy crops, and farm waste. In addition, there's a company in Illinois that's successfully converting waste gasses from industry to make chemicals and ethanol.
http://www.lanzatech.com/sites/default/files/imce_uploads/lanzatech-baosteel_release_dec_2012.pdf
http://www.lanzatech.com/ROSELLE, Illinois and Shanghai, China-LanzaTech, a producer of low-carbon fuels and
chemicals from waste gases, and Baosteel, a leading steel producer in China, have
announced the success of their 100,000 gallon per year (300 tons) pre-commercial plant
located at one of Baosteel’s steel mills outside Shanghai, China. This plant operates at
significantly larger scale than LanzaTech’s pilot facility and test results have shown that the
scaling of the technology has been successful.